按键盘上方向键 ← 或 → 可快速上下翻页，按键盘上的 Enter 键可回到本书目录页，按键盘上方向键 ↑ 可回到本页顶部！
————未阅读完？加入书签已便下次继续阅读！
the master said； 〃how determined is he in his purpose！ but this is notdifficult！〃
tsze…chang said； 〃what is meant when the shu says that kao…tsung； whileobserving the usual imperial mourning； was for three years without speaking？〃
the master said； 〃why must kao…tsung be referred to as an example of this？the ancients all did so。 when the sovereign died； the officers all attended totheir several duties； taking instructions from the prime minister for threeyears。〃
the master said； 〃when rulers love to observe the rules of propriety； thepeople respond readily to the calls on them for service。〃
tsze…lu asked what constituted the superior man。 the master said； 〃thecultivation of himself in reverential carefulness。〃 〃and is this all？〃 saidtsze…lu。 〃he cultivates himself so as to give rest to others；〃 was the reply。〃and is this all？〃 again asked tsze…lu。 the master said； 〃he cultivates himselfso as to give rest to all the people。 he cultivates himself so as to give restto all the people：…even yao and shun were still solicitous about this。〃
yuan zang was squatting on his heels； and so waited the approach of themaster； who said to him； 〃in youth not humble as befits a junior； in manhood；doing nothing worthy of being handed down； and living on to old age：…this is tobe a pest。〃 with this he hit him on the shank with his staff。
a youth of the village of ch'ueh was employed by confucius to carry themessages between him and his visitors。 some one asked about him； saying； 〃isuppose he has made great progress。〃
the master said； 〃i observe that he is fond of occupying the seat of a full…grown man； i observe that he walks shoulder to shoulder with his elders。 he isnot one who is seeking to make progress in learning。 he wishes quickly to beea man。〃
15
the duke ling of wei asked confucius about tactics。 confucius replied； 〃ihave heard all about sacrificial vessels； but i have not learned militarymatters。〃 on this； he took his departure the next day。
when he was in chan； their provisions were exhausted； and his followersbecame so in that they were unable to rise。
tsze…lu； with evident dissatisfaction； said； 〃has the superior man likewiseto endure in this way？〃 the master said； 〃the superior man may indeed have toendure want； but the mean man； when he is in want； gives way to unbridledlicense。〃
the master said； 〃ts'ze； you think； i suppose； that i am one who learns manythings and keeps them in memory？〃
tsze…kung replied； 〃yes；…but perhaps it is not so？〃
〃no；〃 was the answer； 〃i seek a unity all pervading。〃
the master said； 〃yu i those who know virtue are few。〃
the master said； 〃may not shun be instanced as having governed efficientlywithout exertion？ what did he do？ he did nothing but gravely and reverentlyoccupy his royal seat。〃
tsze…chang asked how a man should conduct himself； so as to be everywhereappreciated。
the master said； 〃let his words be sincere and truthful and his actionshonorable and careful；…such conduct may be practiced among the rude tribes ofthe south or the north。 if his words be not sincere and truthful and his actionsnot honorable and carefull will he； with such conduct； be appreciated； even inhis neighborhood？
〃when he is standing； let him see those two things； as it were； fronting him。when he is in a carriage； let him see them attached to the yoke。 then may hesubsequently carry them into practice。〃
tsze…chang wrote these counsels on the end of his sash。
the master said； 〃truly straightforward was the historiographer yu。 whengood government prevailed in his state； he was like an arrow。 when badgovernment prevailed； he was like an arrow。 a superior man indeed is chu po…yu！when good government prevails in his state； he is to be found in office。 whenbad government prevails； he can roll his principles up； and keep them in hisbreast。〃
the master said； 〃when a man may be spoken with； not to speak to him is toerr in reference to the man。 when a man may not be spoken with； to speak to himis to err in reference to our words。 the wise err neither in regard to their mannor to their words。〃
the master said； 〃the determined scholar and the man of virtue will not seekto live at the expense of injuring their virtue。 they will even sacrifice theirlives to preserve their virtue plete。〃
tsze…kung asked about the practice of virtue。 the master said； 〃the mechanic；who wishes to do his work well； must first sharpen his tools。 when you areliving in any state； take service with the most worthy among its great officers；and make friends of the most virtuous among its scholars。〃
yen yuan asked how the government of a country should be administered。
the master said； 〃follow the seasons of hsia。
〃ride in the state carriage of yin。
〃wear the ceremonial cap of chau。
〃let the music be the shao with its pantomimes。 banish the songs of chang；and keep far from specious talkers。 the songs of chang are licentious； specioustalkers are dangerous。〃
the master said； 〃if a man take no thought about what is distant； he willfind sorrow near at hand。〃
the master said； 〃it is all over！ i have not seen one who loves virtue as heloves beauty。〃
the master said； 〃was not tsang wan like one who had stolen his situation？he knew the virtue and the talents of hui of liu…hsia； and yet did not procurethat he should stand with him in court。〃
the master said； 〃he who requires much from himself and little from others；will keep himself from being the object of resentment。〃
the master said； 〃when a man is not in the habit of saying…'what shall ithink of this？ what shall i think of this？' i can indeed do nothing with him！〃
the master said； 〃when a number of people are together； for a whole day；without their conversation turning on righteousness； and when they are fond ofcarrying out the suggestions of a small shrewdness；…theirs is indeed a hardcase。〃
the master said； 〃the superior man in everything considers righteousness tobe essential。 he performs it according to the rules of propriety。 he brings itforth in humility。 he pletes it with sincerity。 this is indeed a superiorman。〃
the master said； 〃the superior man is distressed by his want of ability。 heis not distressed by men's not knowing him。〃
the master said； 〃the superior man dislikes the thought of his name notbeing mentioned after his death。〃
the master said； 〃what the superior man seeks； is in himself。 what the meanman seeks； is in others。〃
the master said； 〃the superior man is dignified； but does not wrangle。 he issociable； but not a partisan。〃
the master said； 〃the superior man does not promote a man simply on accountof his words； nor does he put aside good words because of the man。〃
tsze…kung asked； saying； 〃is there one word which may serve as a rule ofpractice for all one's life？〃 the master said； 〃is not reciprocity such a word？what you do not want done to yourself； do not do to others。〃
the master said； 〃in my dealings with men； whose evil do i blame； whosegoodness do i praise； beyond what is proper？ if i do sometimes exceed in praise；there must be ground for it in my examination of the individual。
〃this peo