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New words and expressions 生词和短语
gifted
adj。 有天才的
psychologist
n。 心理学家
spasm
n。 一阵（感情）发作
futile
adj。 无用的
insinuate
v。 便潜入，暗示
convulsive
adj。 起痉挛的
illumination
n。 启发，照明
undue
adj。 不造当的
grip
n。 紧张
recuperation
n。 休息
improvise
v。 临时作成
sedulously
adv。 孜孜不倦地
vivify
v。 使生气勃勃
aggravate
v。 加剧
trifling
adj。 微小的
gratify
v。 便满意
caprice
n。 任性
satiation
n。 满足
frantically
adv。 狂乱地
avenge
v。 替…报复
boredom
n。 厌烦
clatter
n。 喧闹的谈话
sustenance
n。 生计
appetite
n。 欲望
grudge
v。 怨恨
absorbing
adj。 引人入胜的
banish
v。 排除，放弃
参考译文
一位天才的美国心理学家曾经说过：“烦恼是感情的发作，此时脑子纠缠住了某种东西又不肯松手。”在这种情况下，你又和头脑争吵让它松手是无济于事的。这种意志越是强烈，这种尝试越是徒劳。你只能缓和而巧纱地让另一种东西进入痉挛僵持的头脑中。如果选得合适，而且的确受到别的领域的情趣的启迪，那么渐渐地，往往也是很顺利地，原先不适当的紧张就会松弛下来，恢复和修整的过程就会开始。
因此，对一个从事社会活动的人来说，培养一种业余爱好和各种新的兴趣是关等重要的作法。但这并非一日之功，也不是单凭一蹴而就的事。精神上多种情趣的培养是一个长期的过程。要想在需要的时候可随手摘取充满生机的果实，那就必然从选良种做起，然后将其植入肥沃的土地，还需要勤勉地护理。
一个人要想真正感到幸福和平安，至少应有两三种爱好，而且都比较实际。到了晚年才开始说：“我会对这些人或那个人发生兴趣”，已没有用了。这种愿望只能加剧精神紧张。一个人可能会获得与其日常工作无关的某些课题的渊博知识，而没有从中得到什么实益或宽慰。干你所喜欢的事是没有用的，你喜欢你所干的事。泛泛地说，人可以分为3类：劳累至死的人、忧虑至死的人、无聊至死的人。对于流汗出力干了一周苦活的体力劳动者来说，让他们在星期六下午再踢足球或打垒球是不合适的；同样，对于为严肃的公务操劳或烦恼了6天的政界人士、专业人员、商人来说，在周未再让他们为琐事而动脑子和忧虑也是无益的。
至于那些能任意支配一切的“可怜的人”，他们能够恣意妄为，能染指一切追求的目标。对这种人来说，多一种新的乐趣、多一种新的刺激只是增加一分厌腻而已。他们到处奔乱跑，企图以闲聊和乱窜来摆脱无聊对他们的报复，但这是徒劳的。对他们来说，用某种形式的纪律约束他们一下才能有希望使他们走上正道。
也可以这样说，理智的，勤劳的、有用的人可以分为两类：第一类是他分清工作是工作，娱乐是娱乐的人；第二类人的工作和娱乐是一回事。这两类人当中，第一类人是大多数，他们能够得到补偿。在办公室或工厂里长时间工作给他们带来了酬劳，这不仅是谋生的手段，而且还带来了寻找乐趣的强烈欲望，那怕是最简单的、最低等的乐趣。但是，命运之神的宠儿是第二类人，他们的生活是一种自然的和谐，对他们来说，工作时间总不会太长，每天都是假日，而通常的假期来到，他们却惋惜这假期强制打断了他们埋头从事的工作。然而对这两种人来说，都需要换一换脑子，改变一下气氛，转移一下注意力，这是不可缺少的。说实在的，把工作当作享受的那些人最需要每隔一段时间把工作从头脑中撇开。
Lesson 47
The great escape
大逃亡
First listen and then answer the following quesion。
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
What is one of the features of modern camping where nationality is concerned？
Economy is one powerful motive for camping； since after the initial outlay upon equipment； or through hiring it； the total expense can be far less than the cost of hotels。 But； contrary to a popular assumption； it is far from being the only one； or even the greatest。 The man who manoeuvres carelessly into his twenty pounds' worth of space at one of Europe's myriad permanent sites may find himself bumping a Bentley。 More likely； Ford Escort will be hub to hub with Renault or Mercedes； but rarely with bicycles made for two。
That the equipment of modern camping bees yearly more sophisticated is an entertaining paradox for the cynic； a brighter promise for the hopeful traveler who has sworn to get away from it all。 It also provides…and some student sociologist might care to base his thesis upon the phenomenon an escape of another kind。 The modern traveller is often a man who dislikes the Splendide and the Bellavista； not because he cannot afford； or shuns their material forts。 but because he is afford of them。 Affluent he may be； but he is by no means sure what to tip the doorman or the chambermaid。 Master in his own house； he has little idea of when to say boo to a maitre d'hotel。
From all such fears camping releases him。 Granted； a snobbery of camping itself； based upon equipment and techniques； already exists； but it is of a kind that； if he meets it； he can readily understand and deal with。 There is no superior 'they' in the shape of managements and hotel hierarchies to darken his holiday days。
To such motives； yet another must be added。 The contemporary phenomenon of car worship is to be explained not least by the sense of independence and freedom that ownership entails。 To this pleasure camping gives an exquisite refinement。
From one's own front door to home or foreign hills or sands and back again； everything is to hand。 Not only are the means of arriving at the holiday paradise entirely within one's own mand and keeping； but the means of escape from holiday hel （if the beach proves too crowded； the local weather too inclement） are there； outside or； as likely； part of the tent。
Idealists have objected to the package tour； that the traveller abroad thereby denies himself the opportunity of getting to know the people of the country visited。 Insularity and self…containment； it is argued； go hand in hand。 The opinion does not survive experience of a popular Continental camping place。 Holiday hotels tend to cater for one nationality of visitors especially； sometimes exclusively。 Camping sites； by contrast； are highly cosmopolitan。 Granted； a preponderance of Germans is a characteristic that seems mon to most Mediterranean sites； but as yet there is no overwhelmingly specialized patronage。 Notices forbidding the open…air drying of clothes； or the use of water points for car washing； or those inviting 'our camping friends' to a dance or a boat trip are printed not only in French or Italian or Spanish； but also in English； German and Dutch。 At meal times the odour of sauerkraut vies with that of garlic。 The Frenchman's breakfast coffee petes with the Englishman's bacon and eggs。
Whether the remarkable growth of organized camping means the eventual death of the more independent kind is hard to say。 Municipalities naturally want to secure the campers' site fees and other custom。 Police are wary of itinerants who cannot be traced to a recognized camp boundary or to four walls。 But most probably it will all depend upon campers themselves： how many heath fires they cause； how much litter they leave； in short； whether or not they wholly alienate landowners and those who live in the countryside。 Only good scouting is likely to preserve the freedoms so dear to the heart of the eternal Boy Scout。
NIGEL BUXTON The Great Escape from The Weekend Telegraph
New words and expressions 生词和短语
assumption
n。 假定
manoeuvre
v。 （驱车）移动
myriad
adj。 无数的
paradox
n。 自相矛盾的呈
cynic
n。 愤世嫉俗者
sociologist
n。 社会学家
shun
v。 避开
affluent
adj。 富